Flow yog ib tug dynamic kom muaj nuj nqis, thiab ntsuas ntsuas nws tus kheej yog cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau yam, xws li: pipeline, txoj kab uas hla loj, puab (lub voj voog, duab plaub), ib puag ncig ib puag ncig, lub cev muaj zog ntawm nruab nrab (kub, siab, ntom, viscosity, av. , corrosiveness, thiab lwm yam ), lub xeev ntws ntawm cov kua dej (turbulent flow state, velocity distribution, etc.), thiab kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev teeb tsa thiab theem. Tau ntsib nrog ntau pua ntau yam ntawm cov ntsuas ntsuas (txoj kev hloov pauv, hom kev sib txawv, hom turbine, hom cheeb tsam, hom electromagnetic, hom ultrasonic thiab thermal hom flow meters, thiab lwm yam. tau tsim ua tiav), yuav ua li cas txiav txim siab tus nqi ntws, lub xeev, kev teeb tsa Cov kev cai tsim nyog xaiv raws li tej yam xws li ib puag ncig tej yam kev mob thiab kev lag luam yog lub hauv paus thiab lub hauv paus rau daim ntawv thov ntawm flowmeter. Kab lus no piav qhia txog cov hauv paus ntsiab lus thiab cov txheej txheem ntawmflow meterkev xaiv los pab cov neeg siv ceev nrooj xaiv thiab siv cov ntsuas ntsuas ntws.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev xaiv lub flowmeter yog thawj zaug kom muaj kev nkag siab tob txog cov qauv txheej txheem thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov dej ntws ntawm ntau yam flowmeters, thiab tib lub sijhawm, xaiv raws li cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov chaw thiab ib puag ncig ib puag ncig. Economic yam tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau muab coj los rau hauv tus account. Feem ntau, koj yuav tsum xaiv los ntawm plaub yam hauv qab no:
＊ Cov kev xav tau ntawm cov flowmeter;
＊ Cov khoom ua kua;
＊ Cov kev xav tau ntawm kev teeb tsa;
＊ Environmental Conditions.
1. Kev ua tau zoo:
Qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov flowmeter feem ntau suav nrog: ntsuas ntws (instantaneous flow) lossis tag nrho cov nyiaj tau los (ntau ntws); qhov yuav tsum tau muaj tseeb; repeatability; linearity; flow range thiab ntau yam; poob siab; tso zis teeb liab yam ntxwv thiab flowmeter teb lub sij hawm Tos.
Seb yuav ntsuas instantaneous flow los yog cumulative flow
Muaj ob hom kev ntsuas ntws, uas yog tam sim no ntws thiab cumulative flow. Piv txwv li, cov roj crude nyob rau hauv cov raj xa dej ntawm lub chaw nres tsheb sub-transportation belongs rau kev tswj hwm kev hloov mus los lossis cov kav dej petrochemical rau kev tsim cov khoom lag luam txuas ntxiv lossis cov txheej txheem tswj cov txheej txheem ntau lawm, thiab lwm yam. Tag nrho cov nyiaj yuav tsum tau ntsuas, qee zaum ntxiv los ntawm cov instantaneous flow kev soj ntsuam. Hauv qee qhov chaw ua haujlwm, kev tswj dej ntws yuav tsum ntsuas tam sim ntawd. Yog li ntawd, kev xaiv yuav tsum tau ua raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev ntsuas ntawm qhov chaw. Qee qhov flowmeters xws li qhov zoo hloov pauv flowmeters, turbine flowmeters, thiab lwm yam., lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ntsuas yog ncaj qha kom tau txais tag nrho cov nyiaj los ntawm kev suav cov tshuab suav lossis cov mem tes zaus tso tawm, uas muaj qhov tseeb siab thiab tsim nyog rau kev ntsuas tag nrho cov nyiaj, yog tias nruab nrog cov khoom sib xws. signaling ntaus Flow kuj yuav tso zis. Electromagnetic flowmeters, ultrasonic flowmeters, thiab lwm yam. muab cov ndlwg ntws los ntawm kev ntsuas cov kua dej ntws, nrog cov lus teb ceev ceev thiab tsim nyog rau kev tswj cov txheej txheem. Vim tias lawv tau nruab nrog kev ua haujlwm sib txuas, tag nrho cov ntws tuaj yeem tau txais.
2. Cov khoom ua kua dej:
Hauv kev ntsuas ntsuas, ntau yam flowmeters yeej ib txwm cuam tshuam los ntawm ib lossis ob peb yam tsis muaj nyob hauv lub cev ntawm cov kua dej, yog li lub cev lub cev ntawm cov kua dej yuav cuam tshuam rau kev xaiv cov flowmeter. Yog li, txoj kev ntsuas kev xaiv thiab cov ntsuas dej ntws yuav tsum tsis yog tsuas yog hloov mus rau cov khoom ntawm cov kua dej los ntsuas, tab sis kuj tseem xav txog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm ib qho kev ntsuas ntawm cov khoom siv lub cev hloov pauv ntawm lwm qhov kev ntsuas thaum lub sijhawm ntsuas. Piv txwv li, qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kub thiab txias hloov ntawm viscosity ntawm cov kua.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov kua dej yog qhov ntom ntom, viscosity, vapor siab thiab lwm yam tsis muaj. Cov kev txwv no feem ntau tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv phau ntawv los ntsuas qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm ntau yam tsis muaj dej thiab xaiv cov flowmeters raws li kev siv. Tab sis kuj tseem muaj qee yam khoom uas nrhiav tsis tau. Xws li corrosion, scaling, plugging, theem hloov thiab miscible xeev.
3. Tshuaj corrosion thiab scaling:
Qhov teeb meem ntawm cov tshuaj corrosion ntawm cov kua dej qee zaum yog qhov kev txiav txim siab hauv peb txoj kev xaiv kev ntsuas thiab kev siv cov ntsuas ntsuas. Piv txwv li, qee cov kua dej yuav corrode qhov sib cuag ntawm lub flowmeter, fouling lossis depositing crystals rau ntawm qhov chaw, thiab electrolytic chemistry rau saum npoo ntawm cov hlau, uas yuav txo tau qhov kev ua tau zoo thiab kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm flowmeter. Yog li ntawd, txhawm rau daws qhov teeb meem ntawm cov tshuaj corrosion thiab scaling, manufacturers tau siv ntau txoj hauv kev, xws li xaiv cov khoom siv los tiv thaiv corrosion los yog siv los tiv thaiv corrosion ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov flowmeter, piv txwv li, lub orifice phaj ntawm lub throttling ntaus ntawv. yog ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ceramic, thiab tus nqi ntws ntawm cov hlau ntab yog Qhov ntsuas yog lined nrog corrosion-resistant engineering plastics. Txawm li cas los xij, rau cov flowmeters nrog ntau cov qauv, xws li qhov zoo ntawm kev hloov pauv flowmeters thiabturbine flowmeters, nws tsis tuaj yeem ntsuas cov kua dej corrosive. Qee cov flowmeters muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion los yog yooj yim rau kev ntsuas corrosion los ntawm cov qauv qauv. Lub transducer sojntsuam ntawm ultrasonic flowmeter yog ntsia rau sab nrauv phab ntsa ntawm cov kav dej thiab tsis nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov kua ntsuas, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb los tiv thaiv corrosion. Lub tshuab electromagnetic flowmeter tsuas yog ntsuas lub raj hauv ob sab phlu thiab ob lub electrodes nrog cov duab yooj yim hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov kua, thiab cov khoom siv hauv ob sab phlu tsim nyog thiab cov khoom siv electrode tuaj yeem xaiv raws li qhov nruab nrab.
Raws li kev ntsuas los yog crystallization ntawm lub flowmeter kab noj hniav thiab ntws sensor, lub clearance ntawm txav qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub flowmeter yuav raug txo, thiab rhiab heev los yog ntsuas kev ua tau zoo ntawm lub rhiab ntsiab nyob rau hauv lub flowmeter yuav raug txo. Piv txwv li, rauultrasonic flowmeterdaim ntaub ntawv, txheej fouling tuaj yeem cuam tshuam ultrasonic emission. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov electromagnetic flowmeter, ib txheej uas tsis yog-conductive scaling insulates lub electrode nto thiab ua rau cov flowmeter inoperable. Yog li ntawd, qee qhov flowmeters feem ntau siv cov cua sov sab nraud ntawm qhov ntws sensor los tiv thaiv nag lossis daus ntawm crystallization lossis nruab ib lub tshuab descaling.
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj corrosion thiab scaling yog hloov qhov roughness ntawm sab hauv phab ntsa ntawm cov yeeb nkab kuaj, thiab qhov roughness yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov ntws tawm ntawm cov kua dej. Yog li ntawd, nws raug pom zoo tias cov neeg siv yuav tsum tau xyuam xim rau qhov teeb meem no. Piv txwv li, cov kav dej uas tau siv ntau xyoo yuav tsum tau ntxuav thiab descaled.
4. Kev teeb tsa kev teeb tsa:
Thaum siv lub flowmeter, yuav tsum tau them nyiaj mloog mus rau lub adaptability thiab yuav tsum tau ntawm installation tej yam kev mob, feem ntau yog los ntawm cov nram qab no yam, xws li cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub installation ntawm lub flowmeter, ntws cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov kua, configuration ntawm upstream thiab downstream pipelines, valve. txoj hauj lwm, tiv thaiv accessories, pulsating flow influence, vibration, hluav taws xob cuam tshuam thiab kev saib xyuas ntawm flowmeters, thiab lwm yam.